mindmap root((证实)) confirm implies the removing of doubts by an authoritative statement or indisputable fact: ~ed reports of troop movements. corroborate suggests the strengthening of evidence that is already partly established or accepted: witnesses ~ his story. substantiate implies the offering of evidence that demonstrates or proves a contention: claims that have yet to be ~d. （demonstrate演示：以行动动作去展示证明） verify implies the establishment of correspondence of actual facts or details with those proposed or guessed at: all statements of fact in the article have been ~ied. authenticate implies establishing genuineness by adducing legal or official documents or expert opinion : handwriting experts have ~ the diaries. （adduce引证：引用以证明We can adduce export opinion to support the claim我们能引证专家观点支持该说法 ） validate implies establishing validity by authoritative affirmation or certification OR factual proof: to ~ a passport.